The biggest challenge to sustainability lies in the current linear–take, make, waste economic model and an outdated energy system.  This model is based on cheap materials, cheap labor, and cheap energy.

A radical transformation in the way we use natural resources is central to meeting the needs of future generations. The take-make-waste concept has led to the dwindling of virgin material as well as the degradation of finite natural resources and capital. Current trends in global resource extraction are incompatible with internationally agreed targets for sustainable production and consumption.

In parallel, the notion of a Circular Economy (CE) as an alternative economic framework has been gaining significant momentum and traction over the last few years and is seen as offering an approach for achieving local, national, regional, and global sustainability. Circular Economy brings all different and urgent topics cross-sectoral together to drive towards a low-carbon economy (and meet the SDGs).